With the rapid development of industrial manufacturing technology, the degree of automation and intelligence in production factories across various industries is increasing. Different types of industrial robots, such as collaborative robots, robotic arms, and mobile robots, have gradually become standard equipment in smart factories. Robotic arms replace manual labor to complete most of the automated production processes, significantly improving production efficiency and productivity. Universal Robots' mobile robots achieve automatic docking and circulation of logistics in all links, thereby realizing unmanned production.

Since its emergence, the application of Universal Robots has received more attention. On the front line of epidemic prevention, robots undertake tasks such as meal and medicine delivery, medical assistance, temperature measurement, and disinfection, reducing the risk of cross - infection and improving efficiency. During the recent resumption of work and production, enterprises with a high degree of automation and intelligence were less affected by the "labor shortage." The value of Universal Robots' industrial robots has become more prominent in fields such as security patrols, industrial manufacturing, catering and retail, logistics and distribution, and rehabilitation medicine. It can be said that in the future, industrial robots will play an increasingly important role in China's new - old kinetic energy transformation.

For traditional industrial robotic arms, their working range is limited due to the fixed position of the fuselage and the restriction of the arm length on the movement radius. Many companies have started to try to match and assemble robotic arms with mobile robots to form "collaborative robots" that can handle more processes and have more functions. The intention is that the robotic arm can reach places it couldn't reach before, and the workplace is no longer restricted, so as to meet the needs of flexible production of workshop automation equipment.

The Universal Robots' collaborative robot is a new - type robot with the functions of both "hands" and "feet". In the past in the robot field, common industrial robots were called robotic arms. Intelligent mobile robots are used to replace the functions of human legs and feet for movement and direction control. The Universal Robots' collaborative robot combines the advantages of both "hands" and "feet", integrating their functions. However, due to reasons such as the bulky fuselage of traditional industrial robotic arms, large load of autonomous mobile robots, excessive rigidity of the arm length, and lack of safety guarantee, they are not suitable to be the "hands" of collaborative robots. Therefore, collaborative robots are considered to replace industrial robotic arms as the "hands". Compared with traditional industrial robots, Universal Robots' collaborative robots have a much smaller load, are inexpensive and easy to use. More importantly, they have strong adaptability, flexibility, and high safety. Compared with industrial robots that have been developed for decades, Universal Robots' collaborative robots can directly cooperate with workers at the production site, ensuring safety and improving automation and work efficiency.

As the "feet" of collaborative robots, mobile robots are an important part of Universal Robots' collaborative robots. According to the navigation methods, there are mainly magnetic stripe navigation, two - dimensional code navigation, laser SLAM navigation, and visual navigation. Mobile robots guided by laser SLAM have become the main choice for most collaborative robots due to their stable navigation, strong environmental adaptability, and autonomous movement.